What is urine routine occult blood
Routine urinary occult blood is an important indicator in urine examination, used to detect the presence of red blood cells or hemoglobin in urine. Positive occult blood may indicate bleeding or other health problems in the urinary system. This article will introduce in detail the definition, clinical significance, common causes and treatment methods of urinary occult blood.
1. Definition of urinary occult blood
Occult Blood in Urine refers to the presence of red blood cells or hemoglobin in urine found through chemical methods (such as dipstick method) or microscopic examination, but obvious hematuria cannot be observed with the naked eye. Occult blood positivity is usually divided into the following grades:
| Occult blood level | clinical significance |
|---|---|
| Negative (-) | Normal, no red blood cells or hemoglobin |
| Weak positive (±) | Trace amounts of red blood cells or hemoglobin |
| Positive (+) | A small number of red blood cells or hemoglobin |
| Strong positive (++ and above) | Large amounts of red blood cells or hemoglobin |
2. Clinical significance of routine urinary occult blood
A positive urine routine for occult blood may indicate the following health problems:
1.urinary tract disease: Such as nephritis, kidney stones, cystitis, urethritis, etc.
2.tumor: Kidney, bladder, or prostate tumors may cause occult blood to be positive.
3.Trauma or strenuous exercise: Temporary occult blood may occur after urinary system trauma or strenuous exercise.
4.Drug or food effects: Certain medications (such as anticoagulants) or foods (such as beets) can cause false positives.
| Common causes | incidence |
|---|---|
| urinary tract infection | About 30%-40% |
| kidney stones | About 20%-30% |
| Nephritis | About 10%-15% |
| tumor | About 5%-10% |
3. Urine routine occult blood examination method
1.test paper method: Use chemical reagents to detect hemoglobin or myoglobin in urine. The operation is simple but there may be false positives.
2.microscopy: Directly observe the number of red blood cells in urine, the results are more accurate.
3.Other auxiliary examinations: Such as B-ultrasound, CT or cystoscopy, etc., used to determine the specific cause of occult blood.
| Check method | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| test paper method | Quick and easy | susceptible to interference |
| microscopy | Accurate results | Takes a long time |
4. How to deal with positive occult blood in urine routine
1.Review: To exclude the possibility of false positives, it is recommended to check multiple times.
2.Identify the cause: Combined with other examinations (such as B-ultrasound, urine culture, etc.) to determine the cause of occult blood.
3.targeted treatment: Take measures such as anti-infection, stone removal or surgery according to the cause.
4.Regular follow-up: For chronic diseases (such as nephritis), urine indicators need to be monitored regularly.
5. Precautions
1. Avoid strenuous exercise or menstrual period before the examination to avoid affecting the results.
2. Positive occult blood is not necessarily a serious disease, but it requires attention and further examination.
3. Diet and drugs may interfere with the results, so you need to inform your doctor before the examination.
Routine urinary occult blood is an "alarm" for urinary system health. Timely detection and treatment of occult blood problems can help prevent more serious diseases. If you find that your urine routine is positive for occult blood, it is recommended to seek medical treatment promptly to identify the cause and receive targeted treatment.
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